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Dashboard Orders & Results B2639727 Liver Function

Liver Function

Liver Function

The liver is the largest internal organ and performs over 500 essential tasks, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and filtering the blood. Your liver function test is a panel of five bloods tests which measure the levels of the liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and GGT, in addition to the liver waste product bilirubin. Diseases affecting the liver can cause elevated levels of one or more of these substances in your blood. It is important to note that having normal liver function results does not exclude the possibility of liver damage from alcohol consumption, excessive fat storage or other causes. Liver Function Tests are normal in up to 25% of patients with cirrhosis. You may wish to consider our Enhanced Liver Fibrosis test which is more sensitive at detecting early liver scarring.

B2639727

B2639727

1

1

Order Number: B2639727

Appointment date: 16 Mar 2023

Appointment time: 13:40

Clinic name: Antoinette Hotel

Order date: 15 Feb 2023

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Overview

Your results have been given an amber flag as one or more is slightly outside of the recommended range. This isn't necessarily cause for concern and you can read more about what this means below.

Aspartate transaminase (AST)

41

IU/L

<= 37

38 - 74

>= 75

IU/L

Aspartate transaminase (AST)

Your Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) result has been given an amber flag as it is slightly above the recommended range. AST is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles and red blood cells that helps metabolise proteins. When cells in the heart, liver or muscle are damaged, they release AST into your bloodstream. AST is most commonly raised in acute viral hepatitis or from liver damage due to alcohol, excessive fat storage or certain medicines (eg. paracetamol overdose). It can also be elevated in other circumstances including chronic viral hepatitis, kidney damage, damage to heart muscle, and bile duct obstruction, for example due to gallstones. You can keep your AST level healthy by limiting your alcohol consumption to less than 14 units per week, eating a healthy balanced diet, taking regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy body weight for your height and not smoking. Since your AST levels are higher than normal, we suggest you speak to your GP.

Alanine transaminase (ALT)

25

IU/L

<= 50

51 - 100

>= 101

IU/L

Alanine transaminase (ALT)

Your Alanine Aminotransaminase (ALT) result has been given a green flag as it is within the recommended range. ALT is an enzyme found principally in the liver, where its role is to help convert proteins into energy for the liver cells. When cells in your liver are damaged, they release ALT into your bloodstream. ALT is most commonly raised in acute viral hepatitis or from liver damage due to alcohol, excessive fat storage or certain medicines (for example paracetamol overdose). It can also be elevated in other circumstances including chronic viral hepatitis and bile duct obstruction, for example due to gallstones.

You can keep your ALT level healthy by limiting your alcohol consumption to less than 14 units per week, eating a healthy balanced diet, taking regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy body weight for your height and not smoking.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

50

IU/L

<= 34

35 - 129

130 - 258

>= 259

IU/L

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Your Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) result has been given a green flag as it is within the recommended range. ALP is an enzyme found in high amounts in bone and liver (and to a lesser extent in the intestines and placenta). It's function is to break down proteins in your body. Slightly raised ALP levels are usually no cause for concern, but in some cases very raised levels may occur when the bile ducts are blocked, for example due to gallstones. Raised levels of ALP can also sometimes reveal bone diseases such as infections, vitamin D deficiency and bone cancers.

Gamma-GT

45

IU/L

<= 71

72 - 142

>= 143

IU/L

Gamma-GT

Your Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) result has been given a green flag as it is within the recommended range. GGT is an enzyme which helps transport molecules around your body, and also helps your liver metabolise drugs and other toxins. GGT levels can become raised when your liver is injured or your bile duct is obstructed. GGT levels can also sometimes be elevated as a sign of excessive alcohol consumption. Many prescription and non-prescription drugs including antibiotics, histamine blockers, antifungal agents and hormones such as testosterone can also elevate GGT levels.

Bilirubin

14

umol/L

<= 20

21 - 30

>= 31

umol/L

Bilirubin

Your bilirubin result has been given a green flag as it is within the recommended range. Bilirubin is a waste product produced by the normal breakdown of red blood cells that have reached the end of their lifespan. Bilirubin is removed from the body by the liver, where it is finally released into the stool in bile. It has an orange-yellow colour that causes jaundice (yellow tinged skin and eyes) when levels are raised.

Many causes of raised bilirubin are related to blockage of the liver or bile ducts, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis or excessive alcohol consumption. Other causes include anaemias (haemolytic, sickle cell or pernicious) and a transfusion reaction or drug reaction. Gilbert's syndrome, which is a common benign genetic liver disorder affecting around 5% of the population, can mildly increase bilirubin levels with the rest of the liver tests staying normal. Gilbert's poses no serious consequences but prolonged fasting or general illness can lead to mild jaundice in people with this condition.

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